The synchronizer ring (#7) in the diagram is what is normally called a synchro ring - it's the part that usually wears out. The synchronizer sleeve of the synchronizer (#1) slides back and forth on the synchronizer hub (#3), which is the part that is attached to the output shaft by he barely visible splines on the inner diameter. The synchro ring (#7) "rides" on the conical shaped part (#6) of the gear (# 5). When you shift into a gear, the synchronizer sleeve (#1) is moved toward the gear (#5). As it moves, the small teeth (#9) engage the teeth (#4) on the synchro ring, which causes the synchro ring to rotate at the same rate as the synchronizer assembly (#1 & #3) which are splined to each other as well as the output shaft. As synchronizer sleeve (#1) continues to move toward the gear, the inside of the synchro ring (#7) is pressed up against the conical shaped part of the gear. This causes the gear to match speed with the synchronizer, and once the speeds are matched, the synchronizer sleeve continues to slide toward the gear, engaging the teeth on the side of the gear.